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14[[caption-width-right:298:[[Series/WhoseLineIsItAnyway Whose culture is it anyway?]]]]
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16Under HollywoodHistory, all historical UsefulNotes/PreColumbianCivilizations (ancient UsefulNotes/{{Mexic|o}}an, Central, and UsefulNotes/{{South America}}n nations, before their [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfTheAztecEmpire conquests]] [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfTheMaya by the]] [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfTheIncaEmpire Spanish]]) are lumped into one exotic and often barbaric people: the Mayincatec, featuring aspects of the Maya (in modern Yucatan peninsula and Central America), Inca (in modern UsefulNotes/{{Peru}}) and Aztec (in modern Central Mexico), plus many others (especially the Olmec, one of the oldest, as more continues to be discovered about them). It's a tossed salad of exciting bits from all their histories, with a topping of myth and fiction. And the dressing is [[ThePowerOfBlood blood]].
17
18!!!'''Common Mayincatec traits'''
19* HumanSacrifice: [[BeatStillMyHeart Cutting out the heart]] of a [[AndShowItToYou living victim]] atop a ziggurat (step-sided pyramid) is an especially favored image. In reality, they used a wide variety of methods; the sacrifice by cardiotomy was the most popular in the Aztec Empire, but not everywhere else.
20* VirginSacrifice: In real life, men were usually the primary choice of sacrifice and virginity didn't factor into it. However, since European cultures find virgin sacrifices particularly abhorrent and dramatic, that's what Hollywood goes with. [[note]]The Inca practice of ''Capacocha''/''Qhapaq hucha'' could arguably be called virgin sacrifice. It involved taking selected children or adolescents to a mountaintop, drugging them out and killing, sometimes simply by leaving them there to freeze to death. The fact that it is hardly as visually striking as ripping hearts out on bloody altars probably had some influence on why this practice is not as well known as the Aztec way. [[/note]]
21* ImAHumanitarian and CannibalTribe: The practice of trying to acquire mystical strength through the consumption of the blood, and specifically the heart, of one's enemies. Historically, many Pre-Columbian cultures did practice cannibalism, but again, not all, nor necessarily in ritual fashion.
22* ReligionOfEvil: Lots of priests and religion, especially bloody, and [[EldritchAbomination monstrous gods]].
23* Big stone temples with distinctive stonework, usually equipped with [[TempleOfDoom traps and underground labyrinths]], [[FromBadToWorse ready to collapse]].
24* Feathered headdresses, clubs studded with chunks of obsidian, {{loincloth}}s.
25* Corn harvests, [[ThePowerOfTheSun sun worship]].
26* BloodMagic
27* [[http://farm1.static.flickr.com/31/54228123_a22e719c1a.jpg Complex stone jewelry: earrings, necklaces, chest pads.]]
28* Ornate and colorful decorations, lots of MysticalJade, geometric patterns. Intricate and scary carvings.
29* HungryJungle settings and an abundance of wildlife: [[SnakesAreSinister snakes]], macaws, [[SpidersAreScary spiders]], [[NeverSmileAtACrocodile alligators/crocodiles]], [[BatOutOfHell bats]], [[PantheraAwesome jaguars]] and monkeys. In case of Incas, llamas and condors may pop up. May overlap with ArtisticLicenseGeography, as the Valley of Mexico is actually a temperate forest land, the nearby highlands of Hidalgo and Querétaro are a Mediterranean-like semidesert, and the Inca were a mountain-dwelling culture rather than a jungle-dwelling one.
30* A drug culture -- coca and hallucinogens.
31* Panpipes, and bands of panpipers.
32* Conquistadores often feature as conquerors of the Mayincatec. Alternate history or fantasy variations have the Mayincatic seeking to slaughter and/or sacrifice their would-be conquerors. The conquistadors are also often used as villains in stories where the Mayincatec are the protagonists.
33* Conquistadores [[GodGuise mistaken for gods]], leading to [[FalseFriend the downfall of the Mayincatec people]]. In reality, this is DatedHistory, as modern view is the indigenous might have mistaken the Spaniards for descendants of long-lost ancestors, but not gods (although there was always some inevitable speculation of supernatural involved, especially towards things like horses, steel and guns). Another discredited theory is that the indigenous worshipping conquistadores caused them to submit voluntarily, which is quite untrue in general lines.[[note]]Some tribes did let themselves be peacefully assimilated, but not by the reason of believing they were their gods.[[/note]]
34* The conquistadores are integrally hostile, often with explicit intentions to [[FinalSolution exterminate the indigenous]] and/or [[RapePillageAndBurn plunder their riches]], and make no attempt to establish alliances, commercial relations, or merely to try to get things done by peaceful means, unless by demanding complete and unambiguous submission. This is a popular stereotype, but it goes hopelessly without saying real life was a bit different.[[note]]The description does unfortunately fit several real conquistadores, like Nuño de Guzmán, Pedrarias Dávila and the Habsburg German colonizers of Klein-Venedig, all of which were hated by Spaniards and indigenous alike. Otherwise, no conquistador generally achieved anything without deft diplomacy and the loyalty of indigenous civilizations, the more powerful, the better, whose alliances were usually upheld throughout the colonial era and the local chiefs were even recognized as noblemen of the Spanish Empire. For instance, UsefulNotes/HernanCortez was backed by the Tlaxcaltecs, the Totonacs and several others tribes; UsefulNotes/FranciscoPizarro allied with the Cañaris, the Huaylas, the Chachapoyas and many others; and so on.[[/note]]
35* Desiccated bodies in ceremonial outfits, or unwrapped mummies. This is occasionally portrayed like AncientEgypt in the jungle rather than desert. In real life, his only happened in the Inca empire, which expanded into cold deserts that lent themselves to mummification.
36* Gold, [[TreasureRoom lots]] and ''[[GoldFever lots]] and [[WorthlessYellowRocks lots]]'' of gold. Sometimes [[CityOfGold enough to build a city]]. And hidden treasure. Idols. {{Curse}}d [[ArtifactOfDeath artifacts.]]
37* Sometimes [[LostTechnology hidden advanced technology]] and/or links to AncientAstronauts.
38* Giant line drawings out in the desert, like the Nazca Lines.
39* The Long Count Calendar, which has 394-year ''b'ak'tun'' cycles, one of which ended on December 21, 2012. The historical Mayans did ''not'' predict any sort of apocalypse on this date -- it is basically the Mayan equivalent of January 1st, 2000 -- but it has nonetheless resulted in the MayanDoomsday trope. Incidentally, the Mayan calendar is frequently erroneously mistaken for the completely different [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec_calendar Aztec calendar.]]
40* Sometimes, when the producers do a little cursory research, an extremely sophisticated grasp of astronomy, often somehow superior to our modern astronomical science.
41* If they use a specific god, it'll most likely be the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl, the [[FeatheredSerpent Plumed Serpent]], or his Mayan counterpart Kukulcán. Since they'll probably know [[SadlyMythtaken nothing beyond his name]], they'll likely show human sacrifice to him, even though he was perhaps the only god in many pantheons who didn't ask for it. The Mayan [[BatOutOfHell bat spirit]] Camazotz may also show up, especially if it's a story about [[OurVampiresAreDifferent Mesoamerican-themed vampires]].
42* Likely due to the prevalence of the aforementioned serpent god, a Mayincatec FantasyCounterpartCulture will often by populated by LizardFolk (or even SnakePeople).
43* Similarly, DomesticatedDinosaurs may appear in a Mayincatec FantasyCounterpartCulture even if they are not LizardFolk (possibly inspired by the infamous hoax [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ica_stones Ica Stones]]).
44
45Generally the Mayincatec are more likely to be the villains than the heroes, and as such they are prone to HistoricalVillainUpgrade. The exception, of course, is if the story involves [[EvilColonialist the Conquistadores]], in which case they'll instead be portrayed as tragic victims of European expansion. Some AlternateHistory stories have them survive to the modern day, resulting in a ModernMayincatecEmpire.
46
47In RealLife, the Maya, the Inca, and the Aztec (which is actually a 18th century exonym; the people called themselves Mexica) were all distinct Pre-Columbian cultures. The Maya and Aztec were comparatively close together, as they both lived in what is now Mexico, and did engage in cultural exchange, but this is no reason to conflate them. Meanwhile, the Inca were thousands of miles away from them, their capital being in today's Peru, so conflating them doesn't make much sense. Their actual history is interesting and diverges from the trope quite a bit. There seems to have been some long-distance contact between the cultures (at a minimum, maize had been introduced to the Andes from Mesoamerica), but it was tenuous enough that the Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations were only vaguely aware of each other at best.
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49Ironically, this trope only became more valid after the Spanish conquest of America, as the political unification of lands from modern Mexico to modern Chile only intensified cultural exchange. For instance, Náhuatl, the language original to the peoples of Central Mexico, is spoken today in remote locations where few to no Nahua people ever lived, as a consequence of the Spanish Empire adopting it as an official language in order to facilitate administration and evangelization. The founding of new cities, divested of the previous political differences, also led to various indigenous groups resettling to the same population centers and suddenly becoming neighbors (sometimes [[GoKartingWithBowser after having been enemies up to that point]]). The presence of native artists, translators and scholars in the imperial expansion also mixed things even more, with native cultures intentional or unintentionally influencing each other before meeting the western filter.
50
51Please see UsefulNotes/PreColumbianCivilizations, Myth/NativeAmericanMythology, Myth/AztecMythology, Myth/IncaMythology, and Myth/MayanMythology.
52
53See Also: HollywoodHistory and VeryLooselyBasedOnATrueStory. Compare {{Spexico}}, LatinLand, TheCapitalOfBrazilIsBuenosAires and BananaRepublic, for when this happens to modern Latin American countries. Also compare InjunCountry and TipisAndTotemPoles for composite versions of Native American cultures from North America. European equivalents include AncientGrome, when Roman and Greek cultures are mashed up together in AncientRome and UsefulNotes/AncientGreece settings, {{Scotireland}}, where distinctly Scottish and Irish elements are mixed up indiscriminately, and NorseByNorsewest, where elements of the Nordic countries are combined together. See EgyptIsStillAncient, which is when you have Egypt depicted as if it were still a land of Pharaohs and gods.
54
55----
56!!Example subpages:
57[[index]]
58* Mayincatec/TabletopGames
59* Mayincatec/VideoGames
60[[/index]]
61
62!!Other examples:
63[[foldercontrol]]
64
65[[folder:Advertising]]
66* In the trailer for ''Film/BeverlyHillsChihuahua'' while Papi talks about how his ancestors fought with Aztec warriors, it shows an aerial view of Machu Pichu, an Incan city.
67* Hagaan Dazs Ice cream ran a campaign attributing the conquest of the Mayans and incidentally, the bringing of chocolate to Europe to Cortez.[[note]]Chocolate trading didn't come until later, as chocolate was a horrendously bitter drink that was of no interest to the conquistadors.[[/note]]
68* Kahlua Liqueur ran a [=TV=] ad campaign featuring Mayinctecs.
69[[/folder]]
70
71[[folder:Anime & Manga]]
72* ''Anime/DoraemonNobitasTheLegendOfTheSunKing'' have the gang entering the fantasy kingdom of Mayana, whose culture, lifestyles and traditions are inspired directly by ancient Mayans.
73* The ancient Ord tribe whose semi-ruined temples (well, [[spoiler:''entirely'' ruined temples by the time the BigBad has messed them up]]) are featured in ''Anime/ExplorerWomanRay'' seems to be pretty much along these lines. It's claimed they used to worship the Sun and their temples have hidden treasure which no-one was able to find; their true secret is much more interesting.
74* Episode 3 of ''Anime/FlintTheTimeDetective'' happens somewhere in a South America covered in gold and being invaded by conquistadors.
75* The entirety of ''Manga/JoJosBizarreAdventure'' starts out with a cursed Stone Mask created by the Aztecs. [[spoiler:Although we later discover it is the creation of an immortal advanced race of people known as the Pillar Men. It still doesn't explain why they dress Mayincatec. Or even weirder, using steel weapons in one of the flashbacks.]]
76* A startling GeckoEnding to ''Manga/MajinTanteiNougamiNeuro'' has Yako investigating her father in Brazil, and meeting a tribe of {{Yakuza}} Aztecs.
77* ''Anime/TheMysteriousCitiesOfGold'' The heroes encounter the Maya, Inca, and Olmecs. In a twist, [[spoiler:the Olmecs ''are'' AncientAstronauts ''and'' the main villains.]]
78* ''Manga/{{Naruto}}'' features artwork illustrating a Mayincatec civilization built on a [[NuclearWeaponsTaboo most certainly not nuclear]] energy source that was later treated as evil, because it gave humans too much power.
79* The paintings during the opening credits of ''Manga/NausicaaOfTheValleyOfTheWind'' look a lot like South American-Indian artwork.
80* ''Manga/{{Nazca}}'' is about reincarnations of ancient Incan warriors. In Japan. Wielding steel swords. Using scenery of the past Incan empire based on Spanish colonial buildings.
81* ''Manga/OnePiece'': Eneru's "cover arc" featured an ancient civilization on the moon that used South American-Indian artwork. It's not clear if the moon-droids are good or evil -- they're fighting against traditionally evil-looking mink/weasel-men in Spanish armor); regardless, they're now in the hands of [[TheSociopath Eneru]]....
82* ''Anime/RahXephon'' uses the Mayan Long Count calendar, but also the Aztec terms [[ArcWords ollin, ixtli, and yolteotl]]. In fact, knowing what those words mean in Aztec thought is essential [[MindScrewdriver for even understanding the story]].
83* ''Literature/RokkaBravesOfTheSixFlowers'' sets its anime in a fantasy world full of Mayincatec buildings and clothing (at least among the common people).
84* ''Anime/TurnAGundam'' had the heroes passing by a country that seems to be a blend of Mayan, Incan, and Hispanic influences.
85* Actually averted with the deck of Rex Goodwin, the BigBad of Season 2 of ''Anime/YuGiOh5Ds''. His deck is strictly based on Inca mythology and doesn't touch a single aspect of Mayan or Aztec mythology.
86** The in-universe mythology, on the other hand, plays it straight by implying the Crimson Dragon who leads the charge in both past and present against the Earthbound Immortals, sealed in [[UsefulNotes/PreColumbianCivilizations the Nazca Lines]], is [[Myth/AztecMythology the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl]].
87[[/folder]]
88
89[[folder:Comic Books]]
90* ComicBook/DisneyDucksComicUniverse
91** ''ComicBook/TheLifeAndTimesOfScroogeMcDuck'' has a literal example -- a statue on the Isthmus of Panama with Aztec, Incan, and Mayan influences in its design, commemorating trade across the isthmus.
92** The classic Creator/CarlBarks' Donald Duck story ''Lost In the Andes'' has Donald and the nephews discover a lost, vaguely Inca-ish civilization where everything is cube-shaped or full of right angles, even the people and the wildlife. The natives are friendly, but consider it a terrible crime to produce anything ''round.'' Naturally, the nephews have brought bubble gum. HilarityEnsues.
93** The NES game has him visiting Inca [[ArtisticLicenseGeography jungle]].
94* The Aztecs and the fall of Tenochtitlan figure big in the backstory of ''[[ComicBook/{{Hellboy}} Hellboy: The Island]].'' The Aztec priests had gold tablets inscribed with the true history of the Ogdru Jahad and the creation of the world.
95* The ''VideoGame/IndianaJonesAndTheFateOfAtlantis'' comic adaptation opens with Indy being offered as a sacrifice to ([[NotWorthKilling and turned down by]]) "the Aztec god of war, Tenochtitlan" (although it turns out to be AllJustADream). Tenochtitlan was actually the ''capital city'' of the most warlike group of the Aztec Empire, the Mexica; its site is the oldest part of Mexico City. The Mexica's patron deity and the god of war, was Huitzilopochtli.
96* The ''ComicBook/JustImagineStanLeeCreatingTheDCUniverse'' version of Franchise/WonderWoman has Mayincatec flavoring, to contrast with the Greek mythological roots of the mainstream version.
97* The Zzutak Animators from early Creator/MarvelComics.
98* In ''ComicBook/RobynHood: The Curse'', the BigBad is an Aztec sorcerer using a newly constructed pyramidal skyscraper as a temple to summon the Aztec gods through BloodMagic and HumanSacrifice.
99* ''ComicBook/{{Superboy}}'' Annual #3 (part of the Legends of the Dead Earth event) features a colony world called Aztlan whose settlers adopted a Mayincatec culture. One of the early colonists was a metahuman who inspired the others by fusing the myth of Quetzacoatl with the legend of Franchise/{{Superman}}, beginning a line of Supermen and Superboys who believed they were granted their powers by the god.
100* In one of their early adventures the ''Comicbook/TeenTitans'' encounter the half-animal demons of the pyramid temple at Xochatan ...in the Andes. (For clarification: "Xochatan" sounds awfully Mexican and not remotely Andean.)
101* The Chaams in ''ComicBook/{{Thorgal}}: The Land of Qa''.
102* ''ComicBook/TheTick'' parodies this with The Deertown Aztecs -- a former sports team that crashed in the jungle and now attempt to live their lives according to the only book they had: "Aztecs On My Mind." They have a temple pyramid complete with traps.
103* [[ComicBook/TheAdventuresOfTintin Tintin]]: ''The Seven Crystal Balls'' and ''Prisoners of the Sun.'' Some pieces of "Inca" artwork used here and there are either pre-Inca or not Inca at all, like the famous Staff God of the Tihuanaco Empire. Those Incas seem also a bit more sacrifice-happy than real deal were, but this can be explained because their interactions with outsiders have rarely been positive. On the whole, however, Hergé, who got a lot of his information from ''National Geographic'', does not mix up the Inca with the Maya, except with reference to the prophetic inscription mentioning the retribution that will befall the violators of Rascar Capac's tomb, which plays a large part in ''[[Recap/TintinTheSevenCrystalBalls The Seven Crystal Balls]]''. The Incas, unlike the Mayas and Aztecs, had no system of writing. The original version of ''The Seven Crystal Balls'', serialized in ''Le Soir'', also contained a lead disc with symbols "resembling Aztec or Inca signs", but Hergé excised the panel that showed it and texts that mentioned it when the album version was produced.
104* ''ComicBook/TomStrong'' featured in one issue the "Aztech Empire", a super-advanced alternate version of the Mexica who "greeted Cortez with machinegun fire" (a [[ArtisticLicenseHistory neat trick without gunpowder or metallurgy]]... [[BellisariosMaxim but it makes a good story]]) and proceeded to become [[DimensionLord interdimensional conquerors]] puppet-headed by an AI calling itself Quetzlcoatl-9. Basically think of them as "what if Creator/JackKirby did the Aztecs?"
105[[/folder]]
106
107[[folder:Films -- Animated]]
108* ''WesternAnimation/TheEmperorsNewGroove'' is pretty definitively set in the Incan Empire, although the word "Inca" is never said, and Kuzco's theme song guy refers to them as "Mesoamerican", which the Incans really weren't. Still, the mountain-and-jungle setting, the farming of llamas and alpacas, and the overall art style are all specifically Incan, as is Kuzco's name; Cusco (or Cuzco) was the Incan capital (and is still a provincial capital in Peru today). The animated series ''WesternAnimation/TheEmperorsNewSchool'' has decided to be a bit more specific and explicitly confirm that they are Incan, usually by way of jokes such as "[[Series/AmericanIdol Incan Idol]]", though extensive use of GratuitousSpanish is present. And characters will have either Spanish or Pseudo-Quechua sounding names. The first draft of the story, ''Kingdom of the Sun'', was much more explicitly Incan, and involved the mythology. Yzma here was a {{necromancer}} with an army of mummies, and as she had a grudge against the sun god Inti (and by extension Kuzco the emperor), she planned to help the underworld god Supay bring about TheNightThatNeverEnds.
109* ''WesternAnimation/TheRoadToElDorado'' features a sort of generic South American and Mesoamerican native culture that has a lot of aspects of this trope mixing Aztec and Mayan architecture with Incan clothing and a few names. Including the sacrifices--though that's mostly the bad guy trying to do those, presumably to fuel his BloodMagic. Notably it also features a practise of throwing gold down water bodies akin to the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muisca Muisca]], making it a rare example of this culture being weaved into anything.
110[[/folder]]
111
112[[folder:Films -- Live-Action]]
113* ''Film/TwoThousandTwelve'' draws heavy inspiration from the 2012 phenomenon, Mayanism and the Mayan Long Count Calendar. Naturally, they erroneously present the Aztec calendar instead of the actual Mayan Long Count Calendar. Surprisingly, the Mayans themselves never actually appear, though footage of the pyramids in Mesoamerica does briefly show up in the opening.
114* Creator/MelGibson's controversial ''Film/{{Apocalypto}}'' portrays the urban Maya as the TheEvilEmpire and a small Mayan village in the jungle as pure, innocent victims. There are obvious close parallels to ''Film/{{Braveheart}}''. He seemed to want to portray the Maya situation when part of the civilization collapsed and the cities had fallen into ruin and decadence, but he basically took every Aztec stereotype and gave them to the Maya. While they did practice human sacrifice and the period at the end of the classical era of the Maya was marked by increased warfare, neither are portrayed properly. It also has the priests offering the sacrifices to Kukulkan (Quetzalcoatl for the Aztecs), the one god in the Mesoamerican pantheon [[SadlyMythtaken that abhorred]] HumanSacrifice.
115* ''Film/AVPAlienVsPredator'' takes place mostly within a typically Mayincatec pyramid... buried in Antarctica (thanks to AncientAstronauts). The experts who examined the temple seemed to think that it had features common to ancient cultures across the globe, (specifically Cambodian and Egyptian) but the main vibe was definitely Mesoamerican.
116* BMovie ''Film/AztecRex''. Conquistadores led by Hernán Cortés meet Aztecs who worship two surviving ''Tyrannosaurus rex''. Houston Yeah!
117* Through ''Film/FromDuskTillDawn'', the Titty Twister bar goes from Mayincatec-inspired nightclub to vampire den to a full-blown Mayincatec sacrificial pyramid almost buried in the Mexican desert. All within a short distance of the Mexican-American border.
118* ''Film/TheFountain'' by Creator/DarrenAronofsky, averts the trope by sticking steadfastly (and [[ShownTheirWork accurately]]) to Mayan imagery and symbolism. Xibalba, the Mayan underworld is represented as a golden nebula. The historically-based section [[note]]a fictional novel-within-novel written by one of the characters[[/note]] features Conquistadors, Mayan warriors and priests, and a step-pyramid temple based on the actual archaeological site of Uxmal [[spoiler:wherein lies the TreeOfLife]]. Within the work the Mayas are a collapsed civilization (which they were when the Conquistadors arrived.) The hidden pyramid is their last, secret hiding place, clearly already decrepit and neglected, with only a few dozen devoted guardians.
119* In ''Film/HouseOfCards1993'', the language that Sally spoke with Selord is referred to as both Mayan and Nahuatl, two completely unrelated languages spoken by different civilizations.
120* ''Franchise/IndianaJones'':
121** The Hovitos underground temple from ''Film/RaidersOfTheLostArk''.
122** The Maya-style temple in ''Film/IndianaJonesAndTheKingdomOfTheCrystalSkull''. [[spoiler:The film has aliens living with the ancient Maya and teaching them about agriculture, never mind that the characters are in Peru, closer to the Inca than the Maya, and even so using Inca may have been inaccurate geographically speaking.]] The civilization is supposed to be an {{Expy}} of El Dorado located in UsefulNotes/TheAmazonRainforest, with references to the Maya and other Mesoamerican cultures. The temple also included artifacts from civilizations all over the world. It should also be noted, that apparently Indy picked up Quechua riding with Pancho Villa!
123* ''Film/KingsOfTheSun'', a film about a deposed Mayan king escaping to the future United States and meeting another native American tribe led by Creator/YulBrynner.
124* ''Film/PiratesOfTheCaribbeanTheCurseOfTheBlackPearl'' features cursed Aztec gold with Aztec-style skull carvings. The figure carved on the treasure chest itself is the "Gateway God" from the Gateway of the Sun at Tiahuanaco, Bolivia, hundreds of years and half a continent away from the Aztecs. The treasure's backstory being an Aztec ransom paid to Cortes and then Cortes going back on his word and being cursed for it is actually closer to the story of [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfTheIncaEmpire Pizarro, Atahualpa and the Room of Gold]] than anything that happened during the [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfTheAztecEmpire Conquest of the Aztec Empire]]. The Aztecs didn't even use gold as a currency. Cortes had a long, mostly prosperous life after conquering the Aztecs (other than being barred from returning to Mexico), while Pizarro's pals were marred by infighting and assassinations, including Pizarro's own.
125* In ''Film/ThePumaman'' the villain wears a golden Aztec mask containing alien mind control circuitry. He is fought by Puma Man, a "man-god", sired by ancient alien Aztec pumas and equipped with a magical Aztec golden belt. Most of the real fighting is done by his mentor Vadinho, an Aztec priest to the space gods... who lives in a temple in the Andes. Inca territory. Gah! [[note]] The Aztecs were located in what would later become central and southern Mexico. Even at their greatest extent the Aztecs did not come anywhere close to the Andes Plauteau, which is entirely in South America.[[/note]]
126* Literally in ''Film/ThatManFromRio''. The plot involves some priceless ancient statuettes made by a South American people called the "Maltecs".
127* In the movie ''Film/{{Unrest|2006}}'' (2006) all the horrible events are due to the curse unleashed by an Aztec goddess, after a cave was discovered with 40,000 bodies sacrificed in his honor ... in Brazil, far from Mexico (and even the figure of 40,000 skeletons product of human sacrifice is too exaggerated even for the Aztecs).
128* The LostTribe of Aztecs in ''Film/YellowHairAndTheFortressOfGold'' kill intruders by dipping them in molten gold, which carries strong overtones of the ''El Dorado'' ceremony of the Muisca people of Colombia. They also use some torture tactics commonly ascribed to the Apache.
129* The Franchise/MarvelCinematicUniverse competely reinvents ComicBook/NamorTheSubMariner and his corner of the Marvel world in ''Film/BlackPantherWakandaForever'' by giving them a Mesoamerican overhaul. The city of Atlantis is now called Talokan, which is named after an Aztec underworld.
130[[/folder]]
131
132[[folder:Literature]]
133* ''Captive Universe'': a [[GenerationShips Generation Ship]] is launched to the stars. The population of the ship is given a copy of the Aztec's culture which is depicted as brutal but ideal, from the designer's point of view: it is very stable and crushes all curiosity and restlessness.
134* In ''Literature/TheCaseOfTheToxicSpellDump'' by Creator/HarryTurtledove, a resurgent Mesoamerican religion that features HumanSacrifice is part of the plot.
135* Cautiously averted in ''Literature/ElConquistador''. Here, the Aztec civilization is depicted in the most respectful and distinctive way possible, as Creator/FedericoAndahazi is a careful researcher prior to his novels.
136* In ''Literature/TheDresdenFiles'' the leaders of the [[OurVampiresAreDifferent Red Court]] follow the Maya/Aztec variant, [[GodGuise impersonating]] or replacing certain Mayan and Aztec gods -- their King going by Kukulkan (a god who fits the concept of the Feathered Serpent deity that was shared with the Aztecs, in the latter as Quetzalcoatl, so it could be an InUniverse case of IHaveManyNames). Of course, as BloodMagic using vampires native to South and Central America, the sacrifices are only to be expected. And while Kukulkan/Quetzalcoatl didn't generally ask for human sacrifice, it's implied that the Red Court's leaders -- who were extremely bloodthirsty -- usurped the pre-existing gods, [[GodsNeedPrayerBadly exploiting the universe's rules on divinity to do so]].
137* In his ''Literature/EarthTheBook'', Creator/JonStewart implies the collapse of the Mayan civilization due to Cortés. Except Cortés didn't have anything to do with the conquest of Yucatan. He focused his efforts on conquering the Aztec lands. It would be other Spaniards who would attack the Maya later. In fact, the Maya wouldn't fall until over 150 years later, and their civilization was already in decline even before the conquistadors got there. They're still around, by the way.
138* Parodied as the Tezuman Empire in Literature/{{Discworld}} novel ''Literature/{{Eric}}'' by Terry Pratchett. Their god Quezovercoatl is a feathered boa, which is ''almost'' the same as a winged snake. And is actually a low-level demon about six inches high.
139* ''Literature/{{Everworld}}'' features the Aztecs still existing (along with many other ancient civilizations) in an alternate universe, ruled over by the PhysicalGod Huitzilpoctli. As a result their whole civilization seems to revolve around getting him human hearts to eat, to the point that the people themselves are forced into [[ImAHumanitarian eating the rest]] to survive.
140* Presumably on account of very little being known about them, when the Olmecs appear in S.M.Stirling’s ''Literature/IslandInTheSeaOfTime'' books, their culture appears to be just a compilation of different Mesoamerican stereotypes like viewing strangers as gods and practising human sacrifice.
141* ''The Mask of the Sun'' by Creator/FredSaberhagen features Aztecs and Incas from alternate futures where each survived and prospered trying to tamper with history as '''we''' know it to create '''their''' (mutually incompatible) histories. And the titular mask is a device from one of those futures that gives its wearer precognitive hints.
142* In Creator/OrsonScottCard's ''Literature/PastwatchTheRedemptionOfChristopherColumbus''', where the author has somewhat [[ShownTheirWork Shown His Work]] in researching the Native American cultures, specifically Mesoamerican and Caribbean ones. He then postulates what would happen if [[UsefulNotes/ChristopherColumbus Columbus]] never sailed West (the Tlaxcalans, even more bloodthirsty but much more progressive than the Aztecs, [[spoiler:would rise to power, conquer their continent and then cross into Europe to TakeOverTheWorld]]). Except that the Tlaxcalans were nowhere near as bloodthirsty, war-loving or expansionist as the Mexica, the main ethnic group of the Aztec Empire.
143* In ''The Saga of the Borderlands'' of the Argentine writer Liliana Bodoc, the inhabitants of the fertile lands are FantasyCounterpartCulture of the pre-Columbian peoples of America, so that among them we have the Zitzahay, who are governed by the Supreme Astronomers, wise men dedicated to studying the stars from the top of their tiered pyramids, and also the Lords of the Sun, a very powerful empire with a very rich culture but who also practice slavery and human sacrifice, and also have stepped pyramids.
144* ''[[Literature/SaveThePearls Revealing Eden]]'' features descendants of the Aztec Empire living alongside an Ecuadorian tribe, when in reality the Aztecs never expanded past Central America. One scene also features the stone terraces built by the Inca -- but somehow the Aztecs get the credit for building them.
145* MAR Barker wrote five novels based in the world of ''[[TabletopGame/EmpireOfThePetalThrone Tekumel]]'', a world he created from aspects of virtually all Pre-Columbian Meso-American cultures. He created Tekumel for the same reason that Tolkien built Middle Earth: so that he could have a world to use as a linguistic playground. In Barker's case the languages he created were based on Indo-Asian and Meso-American languages, and the cultural mix is the result of deliberate choice, not lack of research.
146* ''[[Literature/WheresWaldo Where's Waldo Now?]]'' has Waldo in the middle of a giant Aztec vs Conquistador battle. The Aztecs seemed to be winning. This may seem surprising, but during the ''Noche Triste'' (Sorrowful night), the 30th of June 1520, the population of Tenochtitlan (Mexico) rioted against the invaders and drove them out with heavy losses. Cortes came back with a vengeance...
147* [[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1708064.Around_the_World_Mystery_Mazes Around the World Mystery Mazes]] has an epic series of three full-page mazes about climbing a mountain and exploring a temple full of mummies in search of a “Maya” inscription that can be used to decode their writing system. The mummies and mountain setting seem more Inca than Maya, but the Inca did not use writing at all, recording information in [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quipu quipu]].
148* ''Literature/TheWitchOfKnightcharm'': The rookie witch Carlita Xique is noted to be descended from an Aztec priestess of Huitzilopochtli and to have inherited knowledge related to [[HumanSacrifice sacrificial magic.]]
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151[[folder:Live-Action TV]]
152* ''Series/BuffyTheVampireSlayer'' episode "[[Recap/BuffyTheVampireSlayerS2E4IncaMummyGirl Inca Mummy Girl]]", where the titular mummy was a victim of human sacrifice.
153* The episode "Love Interrupted" of ''Series/CriminalMindsBeyondBorders'' has a delusional Belizean SerialKiller that mixes Mayan and Aztec beliefs.
154* ''Series/TheCrystalMaze'': a game show that featured an Aztec Zone which was full of sand, temples and BambooTechnology.
155* The Exxilons in the ''Series/DoctorWho'' serial "[[Recap/DoctorWhoS11E3DeathToTheDaleks Death to the Daleks]]" have elements of this as well; they're the AncientAstronauts who visited the Incas, and their Great City looks a lot like a step pyramid. In the Literature/DoctorWhoNewAdventures novel ''The Left Handed Hummingbird'' they also accidentally left some technology where the Aztecs could find it. Averted in "[[Recap/DoctorWhoS1E6TheAztecs The Aztecs]]", where some research was done to make it historically accurate.
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157%% Unless there's clear use of "mishmash of Central American cultures in place" that the previous user that removed it missed, please don't read The Aztecs.
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159* ''Series/TheFeatheredSerpent'', an Creator/{{ITV}} historical drama from the 1970s featuring Creator/PatrickTroughton as the bloodthirsty high priest.
160* ''Series/HorribleHistories'':
161** In an aversion, the Mayans have not been featured at all, but the Aztecs and Incas are accurately treated as two distinct cultures.
162** Played straight with the hairstyles, of all things. Incan women are shown wearing horned hairdoes, when it was the Aztec women who wore their hair like that.
163** Also played straight in the sets: The Inca set from one series was used as an Aztec one in the next.
164* ''Series/KolchakTheNightStalker'' episode "Legacy of Terror". An Aztec cult is trying to resurrect the mummy of their god Nanauatzin. They sacrifice perfect people by cutting out their hearts. Features scary bird masks, feathered headdresses and a sacrifice scene at the top of a flight of steps at the local sports stadium in lieu of a step pyramid.
165* ''Series/LegendsOfTheHiddenTemple'' bases its entire design on this trope, most notably with Olmec, the giant stone head who served as the show's co-host.
166* ''Series/NickArcade's'' Ancient Tomb level from The Video Zone.
167* During his time aboard the ISS, Larry in ''{{Series/Numb3rs}}'' makes himself a ''quipu'', a recording device used by Andean South American cultures (e.g. the Inca) consisting of threads of llama or alpaca hair encoded by knots in a base ten system. It was primarily used to record numerical data for tribute payments. Unfortunately, Larry, who appears to know much about them, claims they were used by Aztecs (from ''North'' America). Furthermore, he claims to have encoded his memories on them, even though right now it's only being speculated that the quipu were used for more than numerical data and no other meaning has been decyphered.
168* On ''Series/{{QI}}'', the resident idiot Alan Davies makes this mistake. Creator/StephenFry [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpU4mOCLdkw calls him on it.]]
169* ''Series/TheXFiles'' episode "[[Recap/TheXFilesS03E18TesoDosBichos Teso dos Bichos]]" deals with a mummy called "[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaru_(mythology) amaru]]" that is found in the titular archaeological site (which is in [[CaliforniaDoubling Canada pretending to be Ecuador]], despite the name being [[LatinLand Portuguese]] for "Burial Mound of Critters") and then taken to a museum in Boston where the local archaeologists begin to be killed by a [[OurGhostsAreDifferent cat spirit]].
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172[[folder:Music]]
173* Music/{{Animusic}}: The large temple at the end of the video for "Heavy Light" resembles Aztec design. (The drum + laser arch drops circles of light which play the drums.)
174* Music/IronMaiden's ''The Book of Souls'' has artwork and the such based on Mayan mythology. Yet in [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F7A24f6gNc the first single's music video,]] once they get to a Mesoamerican temple an Aztec sun stone is clearly seen.
175* Music/NeilYoung's [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOR0zLL7UlU Cortez The Killer]] is all sorts of confused. It mentions Cortez, Montezuma and human sacrifice -- so Aztecs, right? But the very next verse (yep, right after the stuff about ''human sacrifice'') we have "[[NobleSavage Hate was just a legend/And war was never known]]". So maybe not [[ProudWarriorRaceGuy the Aztecs]]. The Inca certainly "lifted many stones"... but they never met Cortez. The Incas, being the biggest empire with the ''biggest and best-equipped army in the Americas'' before the Europeans showed up, don't seem to have "never known" about war, either.
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178[[folder:Pinball]]
179* Used by the natives in ''Pinball/ElDoradoCityOfGold'', complete with steeped pyramids and lush jungles.
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182[[folder:Podcast]]
183* Averted with the ''Podcast/TwilightHistories'' episode “True Aztec” which features Aztec, Maya, and Inca characters, all of whom are correctly depicted as separate cultures. Also averted by the episode “Aztec Steel”, which accurately depicts Aztec culture.
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186[[folder:Theme Parks]]
187* The Mexico pavilion at Epcot is built to look like an Aztec pyramid.
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189
190[[folder:Webcomics]]
191* ''Webcomic/{{Aquapunk}}'' is this trope times {{Cyberpunk}} times [[OurMermaidsAreDifferent mermaids]].
192* The "Death Volley" chapter of ''Webcomic/TheAdventuresOfDrMcNinja'' is an adventure set in a classic [=Mayincatec=] trap-filled temple. The end of the chapter hints at what gets revealed later: that [[spoiler:King Radical built the culture that created said temple]].
193* You can see traces of Mesoamerican culture here and there in ''Webcomic/NahastLandsOfStrife''.
194* ''Webcomic/PilliAdventure'' has had several Aztec monsters show up, including a beheaded ball-game player and an animated water-pot.
195* One ''Webcomic/{{Subnormality}}'' strip features The Pink-Haired Girl being sent a drink at a bar by "the merciless Teoxhl...something something", who turns out to be a giant Mayincatec-style stone idol. The drink is jaguar blood.
196-->"Gawd, these desperate older guys are so creepy. You just know he's hoping you're a virgin too."
197* ''Webcomic/WapsiSquare'' establishes a link between Mayan and Egyptian culture via Atlantis. Quite surprising for what started out looking like a Friends-style webcomic sitcom. The Long Count Calendar (See main article above) is key to the plot.
198* ''Webcomic/TheWaterPhoenixKing'' has been described as a formerly high-fantasy world where the Spanish Conquistador-equivalents ''switched sides'' and allied with Tenochtitlan to conquer Europe -- and then the Abrahamic God screwed everything up.
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201[[folder:Western Animation]]
202* On ''WesternAnimation/TheAngryBeavers,'' in the episode "Moronathon Man," Norbert ingests a potion that makes him stupid. (Meanwhile, Dagget becomes a super-genius, because the potion ''couldn't'' make him any stupider.) [[NoodleIncident Somehow]], Norbert ends up on an island, where he sits atop a Mayan or Aztec pyramid, being worshipped by people who think he's a god, and fed fruit. The worshippers bow down and repeat his mantra: "DUUUUUUHHHH!!!!"
203* The Sun Warriors in ''WesternAnimation/AvatarTheLastAirbender'' resemble the Aztecs. WordOfGod says they added a few [[FarEast Asian]] traits into them.
204* ''WesternAnimation/ComboNinos'', despite being quite {{animesque}}, is pretty much loaded with iconography in this trope line.
205* The ''WesternAnimation/{{Histeria}}'' episode "The Montezuma Show"
206* ''WesternAnimation/InspectorGadget'':
207** "All That Glitters" revolves around an Incan CityOfGold in Peru. At the beginning of the episode, Gadget refers to an Andean folk band as a "mariachi" band, which would be Mexican, not Peruvian.
208** "The Amazon", [[ArtisticLicenseGeography despite its purported location]], has a scene where Gadget is "roasted in an ''Aztec'' ritual", along with a stereotypical Mayincatec ziggurat where [[HerrDoktor Professor von Slickenstein]]'s [[MadScientistLaboratory laboratory]] is situated.
209** In "The Emerald Duck", set in Mexico, the titular MacGuffin is "the oldest Mayan artifact known to exist" and the key to an AncientAstronauts' DoomsdayDevice.
210* ''WesternAnimation/TheMagicKey'': In “Code Calling”, Wilf and Wilma find themselves transported to a version of ancient Mesoamerica that is very much like this.
211* ''WesternAnimation/TheSimpsons'':
212** The Simpsons receive an Olmec head of Xtapolapocetl in one episode. It frequently reappears as a FreezeFrameBonus. In an aversion of this trope, when Maggie sees the head, she [[BrainyBaby points to a card saying Aztec]], and Lisa corrects her, saying "Not Aztec. Olmec. Ol-mec."
213** In "The Mysterious Voyage of Homer", Homer's spiritual experience is mostly based on the American Southwest but with a few Mesoamerican trappings added, such as an Aztec-looking pyramid.
214* ''WesternAnimation/{{Superjail}}'' had an episode where they uncover the ancient city of [[PunnyName Pummel-onia]], a Mayincatec shrine to war and fighting. They even have a god of war in ceremonial dress that was trapped in animal form.
215* ''WesternAnimation/AThousandAndOneAmericas'' [[DefiedTrope defies]] the trope in the episodes related to the Incan, Mayan or Aztec civilizations. Prior to reading a chapter about either of them in his late grandfather's book, Chris makes sure not to make erroneous assumptions about them (his brother Fito does, but that's simply because of his young age). The two read the book so they can learn the actual facts ([[ShownTheirWork and they sure do]]).
216* In ''WesternAnimation/TheTick'' episode "Sidekicks Don't Kiss," Arthur was kidnapped by a group of "Aztecs." As with the comic example above, these "Aztecs" were originally a baseball team that got stranded in the jungle and copied Aztec culture through a book they picked up at the airport.
217* {{Subverted|Trope}} in ''WesternAnimation/XMenTheAnimatedSeries'': Beast and Jubilee are travelling around Peru, and come across an isolated tribe. [[CulturedBadass Beast]] immediately notes that they are Mayan, not Inca, and about 3,000 miles south of where they should be.
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220[[folder:Real Life]]
221* A complication in this trope is that it is often plainly apparent that there was a lot of cross-cultural exchange going on between the various city-building cultures of Mesoamerica. Elements like the Mesoamerican ball game, some form of blood sacrifice (anything from token drops of blood to ripping out the hearts of whole village's worth of people one after the other), and substantial portions of basic mythological structures are often shared between multiple civilizations. As we can trace back complex civilizations in this region for at least a couple of thousand years, it would be quite surprising if there wasn't substantial appearance of similar cultural themes. But between Mesoamerican and South American cultures, not so much.
222* During the Spanish conquest, many indigenous peoples allied with the Spanish re-settled in places far from their land of origin, like some Tlaxcalans in northern Mexico (and as far as New Mexico and Texas) and Nicaraguans in Peru. Tlaxcalans would end up partly composing the armies that [[UsefulNotes/SpanishConquestOfThePhilippines conquered the Philippines]] and certain Mayan tribes.
223* As said above, most Nahuan languages (close relatives of the Aztec language, Nahuatl) are spoken in central Mexico, but some can be found as far as southern Chihuahua (Mexicanero) and northern Nicaragua (Nicarao). Nahuan languages are in turn part of the Uto-Aztecan language family, which includes many languages in the western United States, like Shoshone and Comanche.
224* The closest to a real life example of a Mayincatec culture is probably the rarely discussed Tarascan Empire in Western Mexico, a traditional enemy of the Aztecs who allied voluntarily with the Spaniards. The Tarascans (who to this day call themselves ''P'urhépecha'', or "Newcomers") speak a language isolate, were the first in Mesoamerica to work copper and bronze, and made ceramics with apparent Andean stylistic influences. It's been suspected for a long time that they descend from pre-Inca South American peoples that sailed to Mexico from what is now Colombia and Ecuador.
225* Conversely, the Manteño-Huancavilca culture complex in coastal Ecuador was once suggested to be of Mayan origin, due to some artistic influences and a local native myth about civilization being brought to the region by a foreign king who came from the sea.
226* The Huastecs are a Mayan people who migrated in ancient times along the Mexican Gulf coast, from the Yucatan to the modern Mexican state of Tamaulipas. The Aztecs conquered them around 1470 and [[WorthyOpponent were so impressed with their fighting]] that they copied the Huastec battle dress for one of their ranks.
227* While the feathered serpent ''was'' a pretty widespread god (and pretty much the only one non-experts can name) it was -- ironically enough -- almost universally described as abhorring human sacrifice, even during times and in cultures that were otherwise quite fond of ripping out hearts and whatnot.
228* The ceramics of the Moche in northwest Peru (100-700 AD) depict warriors in falcon or eagle-looking suits, who are (naturally) unrelated to the Aztec eagle warriors of Mesoamerica.
229* Quite a few zoos, particularly those in the US, [[labelnote:Examples]][[https://www.google.com/search?q=palm+beach+zoo+mayan&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj9xMnbidT5AhU6tXIEHQePAYMQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=palm+beach+zoo+mayan&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECCMQJzoFCAAQgAQ6BggAEB4QBToECAAQGFCHA1jBC2CbDWgAcAB4AYAB8ASIAZ0MkgELMi4xLjEuMS4wLjGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=KB8AY_2QKbrqytMPh56GmAg&rlz=1C1CHBF_enCA752CA752 The Palm Beach Zoo in Florida]] and the [[https://www.google.com/search?q=audubon+zoo+jaguar+jungle&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiPyP2YitT5AhXys3IEHSW1BH4Q2-cCegQIABAA&oq=audubon+zoo+jaguar+jungle&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoECCMQJzoFCAAQgAQ6BAgAEBhQkApY6x9gjSJoAHAAeACAAXyIAc0LkgEDOC43mAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=qR8AY8_PG_LnytMPpeqS8Ac&rlz=1C1CHBF_enCA752CA752#imgrc=fsWLSY-xVeQu2M Audubon Zoo]] in UsefulNotes/NewOrleans[[/labelnote]] have Latin American sections that are themed around Mayan Ruins even though most of the animals on display are found in South America (and thus also qualify as MisplacedWildlife).
230* If there's human sacrifice in pre-Columbian North America (the only known case after Columbus being the Pawnee), it will most likely be attributed to Mesoamerican civilizations.
231* [[https://cookjmex.blogspot.com/2011/08/exporing-jalisicos-old-haciendas-part-3.html Etzatlan in the Mexican state of Jalisco]] is made of the name of the Itzas, the Maya people who built Chichen Itza in what is now the Mexican state of Yucatan, and the Nahuatl (the language The Mexica and many other Aztec peoples spoke) prepositional suffix, "tla/tlan," which means, "place of."
232* The [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalena_Solis Hernández Brothers Sect]] in 1960s Mexico was a scam that took advantage of the ignorance of their illiterate victims to claim "tributes" in exchange for favors from mysterious "Inca gods in the mountains" (victims and scammers alike being unaware that the Incas lived in South America). It went off the rails when the brothers, in order to keep TheMasquerade when two victims were becoming wary, decided to bring in an AxeCrazy prostitute, Magdalena Solís, and present her as the incarnation of the "Inca goddess" they were prophets of. Solís rapidly seized absolute control and, [[HiddenDepths being actually versed in Aztec mythology]], presented herself as the goddess [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coatlicue Coatlicue]] and demanded human sacrifices by [[AndShowItToYou removal of the heart]]. [[FromBadToWorse Oops.]]
233* In architecture, the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayan_Revival_architecture Mayan Revival]] makes use of techniques and iconography from various Mesoamerican cultures in a Modernist and ArtDeco milieu.
234* Right in the Midwest, the Mississippian civilization had large urban centers, a powerful priestly class, warriors associated with birds (though they were falcons rather than eagles), giant pyramids (of mud, not stone), and human sacrifice. They collapsed in the 15th and 16th centuries for not entirely clear reasons (though the plagues brought from Europe that killed off [[AfterTheEnd more than 90%]] of pre-Columbian North Americans likely didn't help). From their ruins emerged the BornInTheSaddle nomads that most people associate with prehistoric North America (note that America's indigenous horse population went extinct, and horses weren't reintroduced until the 16th century!).
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